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Mamdouh Mahmud Salim ((アラビア語:ممدوح محمود سالم), ''Mamdūḥ Maḥmūd Sālim''; b. 1958 in Sudan) is a Sudanese alleged co-founder of the Islamist terrorist network al-Qaeda. He was arrested on 16 September 1998 near Munich.〔(Complete report ) of the 9-11 Commission (large PDF file)〕 On 20 December 1998 he was extradited to the United States, where he was charged〔(Copy of indictment ) USA v. Usama bin Laden et al., Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies〕 with participating in the 1998 United States embassy bombings. Since then he has been convicted of attempted murder, after stabbing one prison guard during an attempted escape. He was sentenced to 32 years for the crimes.〔Williams, Paul L., "Al Qaeda: Brotherhood of Terror", 2002〕〔(Bin Laden aide sentenced to 32 years in prison for jail stabbing ), CNN, 4 March 2004〕 In 2008, however, a Federal Appeals judge ruled that the judge in the case was in error when he ruled that the stabbing was not part of a terrorism plot. He ordered resentencing.〔 (mirror ) 〕 He was re-sentenced to life without parole in August 2010. He is now an inmate of the ADX Florence facility in Florence, Colorado (reg.nr. 42426-054). ==Founding al-Qaeda in 1988== Salim was trained as a communications engineer.〔 He attended two meetings from August 11–20 in 1988, along with Osama bin Laden, Ayman al-Zawahiri, Mohammed Atef, Jamal al-Fadl, Wael Hamza Julaidan, and Mohammed Loay Bayazid and eight others, to discuss the founding of "al-Qaeda".〔Wright, Lawrence. "The Looming Tower", 2006. p. 131-134〕〔(Indictment of Enaam Arnaout ) in 2002, archived at the United States Department of Justice〕 According to Jamal al-Fadl, Salim instructed militant recruits in the works of Ibn Taymiyyah.〔Benjamin, Daniel & Steven Simon. "The Age of Sacred Terror", 2002〕 Other allegations suggest he travelled to China, Japan or Hong Kong with Mohammed Loay Bayazid in 1990 to facilitate the purchase of communications equipment for the Sudanese government.〔Federal Bureau of Investigation, (Interview of anonymous source ), May 15, 1998〕 In Khartoum, he travelled to Hilat Koko with Jamal al-Fadl in late 1993 or early 1994, and met with Amin Abdel Marouf to discuss chemical weapons.〔 He is also credited by al-Fadl's testimony with a 1992 fatwa issued at the request of Al Qaeda leadership,〔 described as pivotal in Al-Qaeda's development as it provided the group with justification for the killing of Muslim civilians and bystanders in the course of killing Americans and other non-Muslim enemies.〔 The fatwa is putatively based on one by the influential 14th century Salafi scholar Ibn Taymiyyah ("Ibn al Tamiyeh") permitting the killing of Muslim supporters of the "Tartars" (Mongols) who threatened to invade the Mamluk Sultanate in Egypt.〔〔 In testimony al-Fadl was asked: Q. Can you tell us now what Abu Hajer al Iraqi said about Ibn al Tamiyeh? He was arrested approximately September 8, 1998 in Germany, and extradited to the United States. However, his joint bank account with Mamoun Darkanzali was not investigated, and the latter transferred the funds to a militant who would later participate in the 9/11 hijackings.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mamdouh Mahmud Salim」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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